Allameh Tabataba’i University Quarterly Journals of Urban and Regional Development Planning 2476-6402 10 32 2025 03 21 Spatial explanation of the influence of visibility indicators in the Iranian garden organization (Case Study: Safavid period gardens ( Spatial explanation of the influence of visibility indicators in the Iranian garden organization (Case Study: Safavid period gardens ( 217 264 18184 10.22054/urdp.2024.81515.1655 FA Elham Keshtkar PhD Student in Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran. 0009-0004-8438-7763 Jamal Soheili گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین 0000-0002-2645-8912 Sheida Khansari استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،قزوین Journal Article 2024 09 12 The garden is a combination of frozen and non-vegetable; Therefore, it is a living work that represents the culture of each nation and the climatic conditions of its birthplace. During its experimental life, the Iranian garden has all the characteristics of a phenomenon: it accepts transformation; transforms; It generates experience from within itself; And apart from these, it affects the environment and the overall human environment. The Iranian garden, as one of the manifestations of world gardening, while having a specific pattern, has many variations in its components. This diversity with the simplicity of the form and pattern of the Iranian garden has caused the emergence of complex concepts and different functions. On the other hand, visibility, one of the most important concepts and features of Iranian-Islamic architecture, has always been the focus of researchers and designers. The issue of prohibition of visibility emphasizes on keeping the inner space safe from the eyes and visibility of foreigners and can be examined with the tools of "visibility control" and "distance<br />Based on this, the main objective of the research is to explain the spatial effect of the physical system of the Safavid garden, emphasizing the visibility of the interior space of the garden on the behavior of the human space. For this purpose, the present research has been done in the first step by collecting information from the studies of libraries and theoretical literature and finally developing a measurement model, and in the second step, The garden is a combination of frozen and non-vegetable; Therefore, it is a living work that represents the culture of each nation and the climatic conditions of its birthplace. During its experimental life, the Iranian garden has all the characteristics of a phenomenon: it accepts transformation; transforms; It generates experience from within itself; And apart from these, it affects the environment and the overall human environment. The Iranian garden, as one of the manifestations of world gardening, while having a specific pattern, has many variations in its components. This diversity with the simplicity of the form and pattern of the Iranian garden has caused the emergence of complex concepts and different functions. On the other hand, visibility, one of the most important concepts and features of Iranian-Islamic architecture, has always been the focus of researchers and designers. The issue of prohibition of visibility emphasizes on keeping the inner space safe from the eyes and visibility of foreigners and can be examined with the tools of "visibility control" and "distance<br />Based on this, the main objective of the research is to explain the spatial effect of the physical system of the Safavid garden, emphasizing the visibility of the interior space of the garden on the behavior of the human space. For this purpose, the present research has been done in the first step by collecting information from the studies of libraries and theoretical literature and finally developing a measurement model, and in the second step, https://urdp.atu.ac.ir/article_18184_ef354db89a43ecc5049d3e2fb6cd0d81.pdf