Reza Kheiroddin; Alireza Salahimoghadam
Abstract
Along with the evolution of the empowerment approach and the expansion of community-based policies, the development of local communities and informal settlements has shifted to asset-based rather than the need-based approach. The community development according to this approaches which is known ...
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Along with the evolution of the empowerment approach and the expansion of community-based policies, the development of local communities and informal settlements has shifted to asset-based rather than the need-based approach. The community development according to this approaches which is known as “Asset Based Community Development” (ABCD), mostly focuses on the assets and capabilities of the community, including physical, social and economic resources. This is to get people out of the cycle of poverty and need and to promote their human and social dignity.Informal settlements, despite the dominant view about their problems and anomalies, are home to a section of society who do not have enough power and courage to join the city's socio-economic body. Farahzad, one of the Tehran’s informal neighborhood was selected as a case of study and we intend to explore the underlying asset development policy for organizing informal settlements. The methodology of this study is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and it can be put in the category of descriptive-analytical researches. 93 households were selected as the sample and statistical analysis including acceptable test were applied. This study showed that the social capital can be considered as of the important assets in Farahzad neighborhood. This advantageous asset can be better addressed by these factors: sense of belonging, social cohesion, participation and collective action. The networks of community relations were also evaluated and analyzed, which evidenced the stronger inter-ethnic relations than inter-ethnics, as well as the strong connections of the NGO’s with ethnicity.
Ali Akbar Taghipour; Abolfazl Mashayekhi; Ghasem Jafari
Abstract
Urbanization is one of the major challenges facing societies. Governments are largely unable to carry out those tasks, and continuation of the current trend can increase the problems of citizens with urban management. Today the good urban governance is spoken as an appropriate solution to stop the current ...
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Urbanization is one of the major challenges facing societies. Governments are largely unable to carry out those tasks, and continuation of the current trend can increase the problems of citizens with urban management. Today the good urban governance is spoken as an appropriate solution to stop the current process. Social capital is one of the effective factors in achieving good urban governance. In this regard, considering the challenges in Semnan, measuring citizens' satisfaction with the performance of urban management and also their role in creating good urban governance is important. In order to study the role of social capital in good urban governance in Semnan, first the definitions of good urban governance and social capital were examined and then the effective indicators of social capital in good urban governance were extracted. Then, citizens' opinions were collected through questionnaire. The results of this research show that the components of social capital and good urban governance in Semnan are not in a good condition and lack of accountability, transparency, collective agreement and legality in Semnan urban governance has caused a loss of trust in urban management and reduced willingness to participate in urban projects. The result is a lack of involvement of citizens in decision-making. Also, the lack of infrastructure such as local council and an appropriate mechanism for public participation in the approval process for projects have been effective.
somayeh shalchi; Amin Momivand Momivand
Abstract
Moving on the path to comprehensive development requires its own requirements, prerequisites and grounds. Social capital, of course, accelerates the achievement of development indicators as a facilitator of cooperation and participation. Recent decades of research show social capital is an important ...
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Moving on the path to comprehensive development requires its own requirements, prerequisites and grounds. Social capital, of course, accelerates the achievement of development indicators as a facilitator of cooperation and participation. Recent decades of research show social capital is an important variable for explaining the economic and social spatial differences. The authors of this research began their work with the main hypothesis of the relationship between social capital and the cities development. In order to test the hypothesis, based on researches done in relation to the cities development level in Hamedan province, two superior cities and two more deprived cities, which are Hamedan and Tuyserkan, at high levels of development, Kaboordan and Faminin at low levels , Have been selected. The lack of research on women and city and neglect of this stratum as half of the active population of society encouraged researchers to focus on this stratum. In fact, this research has been carried out with the aim of evaluating the women social capital and its relation with the cities level of development in Hamedan province. The research is based on a quantitative
strategy and it applies a documentary-survey method. The tool for collecting information on social capital assessment of women is a questionnaire that assesses social capital in four dimensions of the network of relations and social relationships, trust, social interaction and aid activities. The sample size is 384 by using the Cochran formula. The results of the research indicate a significant and positive correlation between women social capital and urban development. Meanwhile, the significant and positive correlations between the dimensions of the network of social relations and social affairs and the supporting activities with the ranking of urban development were also confirmed. There is also a significant relationship between women social capital and their social, economic and mental status.
