Kiana Etemadi; Mozafar Sarrafi; Sahar Nedae Tousi
Abstract
Creating free trade zones (FTZs), special economic zones (SEZs), or export processing zones (EPZs) are some of the regional development policies to enhance the community capacities to meet the needs. However, these zones had mainly encountered “island development” with the distribution of ...
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Creating free trade zones (FTZs), special economic zones (SEZs), or export processing zones (EPZs) are some of the regional development policies to enhance the community capacities to meet the needs. However, these zones had mainly encountered “island development” with the distribution of the region’s minimal works. So, the development in the multidimensional sense has not yet occurred in the life situation of the local community. In this context, the purpose of the research was to explain the development impact of the Chabahar Free Zone in the pervasive zone (the Makran Region), measuring by the semi-experimental method consecutively. First, the conceptual and measurement models, including criteria and indicators, were defined as a result of the documentary meta-synthesis and interviews. Then they were evaluated by the statistical and spatial data at different times before and after constructing the free zone. To this end, research results are validated by interviews with actors. Finally, the strategic suggestions are provided by Meta–SWOT technique to promote the effect of the Chabahar Free Zone. Results state that with the construction of this region, some capacities have been made for development. Having no long-term planning and social cohesion from the beginning resulted in some unpleasant phenomena such as social segregation and uneven development. The trade zone is expected to spread the development to the pervasive region has become a problem causing the flock to the city, unable to meet the inhabitants’ expectations.
Keramatilah Ziyari; Melika Nezami; Ahmad Pourahmad
Abstract
Third places become one of the places of their lives by creating social equality by leveling the environmental conditions and creating a popular atmosphere, creating common habits and offering psychological support to individuals. The purpose of this study was to explain the concept of the formation ...
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Third places become one of the places of their lives by creating social equality by leveling the environmental conditions and creating a popular atmosphere, creating common habits and offering psychological support to individuals. The purpose of this study was to explain the concept of the formation of the third place in the form of urban open-air cafes and the importance of socialization in the urban fabric. The present study is analytical-descriptive and in terms of aim is evaluative and ultimately applied. The method of data collection is library and survey. In In the present study, after explaining the conceptual framework and using research tools including observation and presence, first a number of questionnaires with a number of specific items, researcher-made in the form of Likert spectrum according to the average population of Tehran Region 2, and to evaluate some of them. The variables were distributed by simple and non-probabilistic random sampling method and analyzed using SPSS software. According to these findings, the studied cafes have a situation in cases where variables such as social interactions in their three forms in the first place and also the qualities of aesthetics, flexibility of space, access and services in the second place have received high scores. It was more appropriate and also when variables such as dynamics, activity and comfort were moderate, variables such as climate and protection had the greatest impact.
Behzad Malekpour Asl; Pouya Joudi Gollar
Abstract
The instrumental and technical view wieldy assumed in planning theory and practice that planning can and must be limited to the value free consideration of alternative public policy means. Iran planning structure followed from this view and neglected from this fact that planning is a moral endeavor in ...
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The instrumental and technical view wieldy assumed in planning theory and practice that planning can and must be limited to the value free consideration of alternative public policy means. Iran planning structure followed from this view and neglected from this fact that planning is a moral endeavor in which planners must make ethical and value-based choices. However, interconnectedness between values and planning process, in recent decades have been most influenced debates in planning theory and argued that value free planning is impossible in principle because planning is essentially affected by discourses. This article argued that question of values is an inescapable part of the planner behavior, and hence its purpose was to identify conceptual framework of planner’s values in Tehran metropolitan planning environment. The argument was presented through constructivist grounded theory method and two key issues: the relationship between values and discourses and values survival in specific planning environment. The data for analyzing of mental elements of planners by semi-structured interviews with 28 planners were provided with experience in the planning environment of Tehran metropolis and answering questions related to their lived experience in the given environment. “Blurring the academic values in professional work environment”, planner agency in practice of planning values” and “directing the individual and institutional values through dominant discourses” are the three categories which depict the picture of planner’s values in planning environment of Tehran metropolis. The article concluded by arguing that values in planning is about situated ethical judgment and conceptualization of values survival in shadow of discourses that raises significant issues in relation to ethical judgment notion in planning debates.
Maedeh Hedayatifard; Celine Rozenblat
Abstract
It is believed that systems with higher economic tightness are more resilient in the case of threats. This research aimed to test this hypothesis in the Iranian case of Kerman province which saw the earthquake in its central and historical city of Bam. To do so, the correlation between “economic ...
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It is believed that systems with higher economic tightness are more resilient in the case of threats. This research aimed to test this hypothesis in the Iranian case of Kerman province which saw the earthquake in its central and historical city of Bam. To do so, the correlation between “economic tightness” and economic performance before and after shock is tested to see how economic interdependency can play role in the economic resilience of the regional system. Findings showed that while before the shock happens there is a positive and direct relation between economic tightness of a system and its economic performance, after-shock changes for regeneration of the system has negative relation with the economic tightness. It shows that although economic concentration is a positive index for urban and regional resilience, when the shock happens, it can be in turn a barrier for economic changes of a system. The explanation for this could be found in the issues of “related variety and economic growth”. Many studies showed that there is a positive relation between economic variety and economic development of a region. The related variety, which emphasizes the complementary and connectedness of activities and occupations, will bring up different opportunities for economic development as it paves the way for knowledge spill overs. After shock, what is needed is to change the current mechanisms. So, if the system is more innovated and open to the new changes, the new organization will take place easier.
Saber Mohammadpour; Mehrdad Mehrjou; Fatemeh Aghnaei
Abstract
Today, instability in the transportation sector is on the rise in most cities in the developing world, and transportation development is mistakenly synonymous with activities such as building bridges and underpasses, widening roads and synchronizing high-speed transit systems. In contrast to urban planners, ...
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Today, instability in the transportation sector is on the rise in most cities in the developing world, and transportation development is mistakenly synonymous with activities such as building bridges and underpasses, widening roads and synchronizing high-speed transit systems. In contrast to urban planners, using a sustainable transport approach, they seek to find a solution that can influence and improve the quality of citizens’ lives by adopting the right transportation policies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the quality of life of the citizens of Rasht and to evaluate the impact of positive-choice transportation policies on the quality of life indicators. In this study, using correlation and regression methods and structural model testing to analyze the effects of two negative policies on traffic limitation and parking restriction and two positive policies on public transport development and spaces development for pedestrians to improve objective quality indicators. Life includes access, social, economic, security, physical and environmental. Accordingly, Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size. The sample size was 384 persons. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were 0.822 which was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Using Structural Equation Modeling, it was found that the two policies of public transport development and the development of spaces for pedestrians with a physical index of quality of life had an indirect negative effect of -0.02 and -0.019 with two policies, respectively. The car traffic limitation has an indirect positive effect of 0.005 and in the regression analysis, except for the economic route, the rest of the parking constraint paths were not statistically significant and were excluded.
Leila Habibi; Amer Nikpour; Masoomeh Najafi
Abstract
Urban public spaces are considered as one of the most important urban spheres, with the highest number of encounters and interactions among individuals. Therefore, proper use and quality of public space is an important issue to be taken into consideration. Due to this, the use of public spaces by women ...
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Urban public spaces are considered as one of the most important urban spheres, with the highest number of encounters and interactions among individuals. Therefore, proper use and quality of public space is an important issue to be taken into consideration. Due to this, the use of public spaces by women is sometimes influenced by socio-physical factors, which makes an obstacle to the use of these spaces for them. The purpose of this research was to measure the sense of safety in urban spaces for women. This research is a type of quantitative research and in terms of data collection method, it is considered as descriptive-analytic research.Questionnaire containing 61 questions was designed about urban spaces including squares, streets and parks in Amol, and distributed among 450 respondents. Data collected has been analyzed by SPSS, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The results of the research show that there is a significant difference between the components of the sense of safety and the attitude of women in urban spaces. Results of the analysis by the priority of each component regarding the degree of satisfaction of women with the quality of public spaces in different areas show that in the streets and parks the least feeling of safety and the highest share of the satisfaction of women from the public spaces is in the squares. Finally, there is a significant difference between Women's attitude on sensing safety in urban spaces and variables such as age, education, occupation, and the frequency of use of urban public spaces per week.
